英语介词(Preposition)有哪些?
介词(Preposition)是英语中用来表示名词或代词与其他词之间关系的词,常用于表达时间、地点、方向、方式等。掌握常用介词对提升英语表达能力至关重要。
一、常见介词列表
- 时间介词: at, on, in, by, before, after, during, since, for, until/till
- 地点介词: at, on, in, above, below, under, over, between, among, beside, near
- 方向介词: to, into, onto, toward(s), from, out of, off, across, through
- 其他常用介词: about, with, without, of, for, by, as, like, unlike
二、按类别详解
1. 时间介词
- at:用于具体时间点(如 at 5 p.m.)、节日(at Christmas)
- on:用于具体某天(on Monday, on July 4th)
- in:用于较长时段(in the morning, in 2025, in summer)
例句:I’ll meet you at 3 p.m. on Friday in June.
2. 地点介词
- at:强调“点”(at the door, at the station)
- on:表面接触(on the table, on the wall)
- in:内部空间(in the room, in the box)
- between:两者之间;among:三者及以上之间
例句:The cat is sleeping on the sofa in the living room.
3. 方向与移动介词
- to:朝向某地(go to school)
- into:进入内部(walk into the building)
- through:穿过内部(drive through the tunnel)
- across:横穿表面(walk across the street)
例句:She ran into the house and looked through the window.
三、易混淆介词对比
- in vs. on vs. at(地点/时间):in the car(车内),on the bus(在公交车上),at the bus stop(在车站)
- since vs. for:since 表起点(since 2020),for 表时长(for two years)
- between vs. among:between 用于两者,among 用于群体
四、学习小贴士
介词往往没有绝对规则,需结合语境记忆。建议多读英文原版材料,注意介词搭配(如 listen to, depend on, good at)。