什么是介词(Preposition)?
介词是用来表示名词或代词与其他词之间关系的词,通常用于表示时间、地点、方向、方式等。例如:in, on, at, by, with, about 等。
介词后通常接名词、代词或动名词,构成“介词短语”(Prepositional Phrase)。
常见介词及中文翻译
- in — 在……里面;在……期间(如:in the box, in July)
- on — 在……上面;关于(如:on the table, a book on history)
- at — 在……地点;在……时刻(如:at school, at 5 p.m.)
- by — 被;通过;在……旁边(如:written by her, by bus, sit by the window)
- with — 和……一起;用(工具)(如:play with friends, cut with a knife)
- about — 关于;大约(如:a story about love, about 10 people)
- for — 为了;持续(时间)(如:buy a gift for you, wait for an hour)
- from — 从……来;来自(如:come from China, different from others)
- to — 到;向;对于(如:go to school, kind to animals)
- of — ……的(表示所属或内容)(如:a cup of tea, the color of the sky)
经典用法对比
📍 地点介词:in / on / at
• She lives in Beijing.(大城市、国家用 in)
• The book is on the desk.(表面接触用 on)
• We’ll meet at the station.(具体地点用 at)
⏰ 时间介词:in / on / at
• I was born in 1995.(年/月/季节)
• The meeting is on Monday.(具体某天)
• Classes start at 8 a.m.(具体时刻)
学习小贴士
- 不要死记硬背,多读例句理解语境。
- 注意中英文表达差异(如中文说“在周末”,英文说“at the weekend”或“on weekends”)。
- 使用介词时,关注其后接的名词类型(时间、地点、人、工具等)。
- 推荐搭配学习:固定短语如 “interested in”, “good at”, “afraid of”。
互动小测试(示例)
尝试填空(答案可自行思考):
- We usually have lunch ___ noon. (答案:at)
- The cat is sleeping ___ the sofa. (答案:on)
- This gift is ___ you! (答案:for)