什么是介词(Preposition)?
介词(Preposition)是英语中用于表示名词或代词与其他句子成分之间关系的词。它通常位于名词或代词之前,构成介词短语,用来表达时间、地点、方向、方式、原因等。
例如:
She is in the room.
The book is on the table.
She is in the room.
The book is on the table.
介词的主要分类
1. 时间介词(Time Prepositions)
用于表示时间关系,如:at, on, in, during, before, after 等。
- at:用于具体时间点(at 5 p.m.)
- on:用于具体日期或星期(on Monday, on July 4th)
- in:用于较长的时间段(in 2025, in summer)
I was born in 1990.
We’ll meet at noon on Friday.
We’ll meet at noon on Friday.
2. 地点介词(Place Prepositions)
用于表示位置或方向,如:in, on, at, under, above, between, beside 等。
- in:在……内部(in the box)
- on:在……表面(on the wall)
- at:在某个点(at the door, at the station)
The cat is sleeping under the table.
Hang the picture above the sofa.
Hang the picture above the sofa.
3. 方式/工具介词(Manner/Instrument)
表示做某事的方式或所用工具,常用 by, with, in。
- by + 交通工具(by car, by train)
- with + 工具(write with a pen)
- in + 语言/材料(speak in English, made in wood)
She traveled by plane.
He cut the paper with scissors.
He cut the paper with scissors.
常见易混淆介词对比
- in vs. on vs. at(地点):
in强调“内部”on强调“接触表面”at强调“具体地点/点位”
- since vs. for(时间):
since+ 具体起点(since 2020)for+ 时间长度(for two hours)
学习小贴士
- 多读多听地道英语材料,培养语感。
- 不要死记硬背,注意介词与动词、形容词的固定搭配(如:interested in, good at)。
- 制作自己的介词错题本,记录常犯错误。