什么是 “spend doing”?
在英语中,“spend doing” 是一个常见的动词结构,用来表示“花时间/金钱做某事”。其完整形式通常是:
- spend + 时间/金钱 + (in) doing something
其中,“in” 通常省略,直接说 “spend time/money doing something”。
基本结构与用法
标准句型如下:
- 主语 + spend + 时间/金钱 + doing + 其他
I spent two hours cleaning the room.
She spends a lot of money buying clothes.
She spends a lot of money buying clothes.
注意:这里的 “doing” 是动名词(gerund),不是现在分词。
常见搭配示例
- spend time doing:花时间做某事
They spent the whole afternoon playing video games. - spend money doing:花钱做某事
He spent $500 fixing his car. - spend energy doing:耗费精力做某事
Don’t spend too much energy worrying about small things.
常见错误与注意事项
- ❌ 错误:I spent two hours to clean the room.
✅ 正确:I spent two hours cleaning the room. - “Spend” 后面不能接不定式(to do),必须接动名词(doing)。
- 主语通常是人,不能是物。例如不能说 “The project spent two days…” 而应说 “We spent two days on the project.”
与其他结构的对比
“Spend doing” 常与以下结构混淆:
- It takes someone time to do something:
It took me an hour to finish the homework. - Cost / Pay / Spend 的区别:
- Cost:物作主语(The book cost me $20)
- Pay:人付钱(I paid $20 for the book)
- Spend:人花费(I spent $20 on the book)